🪟Sliding Window Technique
Understanding Patterns in Data
The sliding window technique is an algorithmic approach used to analyze sequential data and detect patterns. When working with large datasets, it can be difficult to get meaningful insights by looking at all data at once.
Breaking it Down
With the sliding window method, the data is broken into smaller fixed-size "windows" that can each be processed separately. This makes the data more manageable to study piece-by-piece.
How it Works The size of each window is predefined. Calculations or operations are then performed on the data within each individual window. After a window is processed, it slides forward by a small offset to look at the next set of values. This continues until all data has been analyzed one window at a time.
Putting the Pieces Together By dividing the work into smaller sequential chunks and processing windows incrementally, subtle local trends may emerge that are difficult to spot otherwise. Aggregating information across multiple windows can reveal patterns spanning the entire dataset.
Benefits and Uses This technique is well suited for data that involves ordered values changing over time, such as financial data or sensor measurements. It helps reduce complexity while aiding discovery of meaningful short and long-term patterns in data.
How sliding windows can be applied to solve problems
Frequency analysis: Count frequent/popular items in subsets (e.g. most common words in snippets of text). Useful for signals processing, recommendation systems, etc.
Anomaly detection: Find abnormal patterns by comparing values in windows to thresholds or each other over time. Good for fraud detection, system monitoring.
Smoothing/averaging: Calculate average, sum or other aggregate over windows to reduce noise or highlight trends over time. Bioscience, financial data.
What is a substring?
A substring is a contiguous sequence of characters within a string.
For example:
If the sample string is "hello", some substrings would be:
"h"
"he"
"ell"
"lo"
The whole string "hello" is also a substring
The key aspects of a substring are:
It consists of characters together in sequence from the original string
It can be of any length from 1 character up to the full length of the string
The characters must be contiguous/next to each other
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